{"id":4041,"date":"2020-03-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-03-12T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/well-tax.com\/brexit-the-last-issues-to-solve\/"},"modified":"2023-09-25T18:56:47","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T17:56:47","slug":"brexit-las-ultimas-cuestiones-por-resolver","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/well-tax.com\/es\/brexit-the-last-issues-to-solve\/","title":{"rendered":"Brexit: las \u00faltimas cuestiones por resolver"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Quedan menos de cinco semanas para que finalice el periodo de transici\u00f3n que supondr\u00e1 el Brexit y dar\u00e1 a la historia un acontecimiento significativo que provocar\u00e1 nuevos cambios entre la Uni\u00f3n Europea y el Reino Unido. Como sabemos, en la cuenta atr\u00e1s del 31 de diciembre, hay dos escenarios posibles: un acuerdo capaz de regular las relaciones comerciales en el post-Brexit o el choque hacia un no-deal.<\/p>\n<p>El rumbo de las negociaciones es a\u00fan incierto. Sin embargo, el Gobierno brit\u00e1nico se muestra optimista ante la posibilidad de alcanzar un acuerdo entre ambas partes.<\/p>\n<p>La historia de las negociaciones entre Londres y Bruselas, que comenzaron en 2016 con el resultado del refer\u00e9ndum que decret\u00f3 el proceso de salida del Reino Unido de la Uni\u00f3n Europea, ha sido testigo de diversas comparaciones sobre temas concretos, como el backstop, con el que se pretende evitar el regreso de una frontera r\u00edgida entre la Rep\u00fablica de Irlanda e Irlanda del Norte. Al mismo tiempo, hemos sido espectadores de constantes aplazamientos en las negociaciones y de conversaciones a menudo contradictorias que han creado altibajos en la relaci\u00f3n entre ambas partes.<\/p>\n<p>Ahora las \u00faltimas cuestiones que deben resolverse antes del 31 de diciembre son: los derechos de pesca, la competencia y la gobernanza.<\/p>\n<p>Se ha prestado especial atenci\u00f3n a la cuesti\u00f3n de los \"derechos de pesca\". Las normas actuales para las flotas pesqueras dentro de las aguas de la Uni\u00f3n Europea implican el pleno acceso a las aguas de otros pa\u00edses de la UE, pero dentro de las 12 millas n\u00e1uticas de las costas, los pa\u00edses est\u00e1n autorizados a limitar el acceso a sus aguas. En este contexto legislativo, el gobierno brit\u00e1nico desear\u00eda discutir anualmente las cuotas m\u00e1ximas de cada especie destinadas a las flotas pesqueras europeas pero dentro de las 200 millas de la zona econ\u00f3mica exclusiva, como hace Noruega. Por el contrario, la UE querr\u00eda mantener el statu quo porque, de lo contrario, las flotas europeas se ver\u00edan duramente afectadas al dejar de tener libre acceso a las aguas brit\u00e1nicas dentro de las 12 millas de la costa. Esta postura del Reino Unido podr\u00eda ser un pretexto para intentar convertir la disputa sobre los derechos de pesca en una ventaja negociadora. De hecho, hay que a\u00f1adir que la pesca tendr\u00eda un impacto marginal en las dos econom\u00edas, por lo que alcanzar un compromiso antes del 31 de diciembre parece posible.<\/p>\n<p>Otro escollo sobre el que el eje Londres-Bruselas debe encontrar un acuerdo se refiere a la \"competencia\" en el corto futuro post-Brexit. La UE dice estar dispuesta a ofrecer un acuerdo comercial sin precedentes al Reino Unido, libre de aranceles, pero al mismo tiempo no puede permitir que Londres compita deslealmente tras el divorcio. En el contexto de la competencia, el principal argumento se refiere a la contaminaci\u00f3n, porque la UE est\u00e1 limitada por estrictas normas medioambientales que Reino Unido puede decidir no cumplir. A este respecto, la Uni\u00f3n Europea desea que el Reino Unido siga respetando las mismas normas, previendo adem\u00e1s una cl\u00e1usula de revisi\u00f3n que actualice las normas m\u00ednimas con el paso del tiempo.<\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, existe el riesgo de que el Reino Unido utilice las ayudas estatales para financiar a las empresas y la econom\u00eda, mientras que las normas europeas son muy estrictas al respecto: incluso en este caso se producir\u00eda competencia desleal. La soluci\u00f3n podr\u00eda venir de un mecanismo de consulta en el que cada uno informara al otro de sus proyectos de subvenci\u00f3n, o incluso de la definici\u00f3n de normas comunes. En caso de divergencia, la UE desear\u00eda poder recurrir a contramedidas unilaterales e inmediatas, como los derechos de aduana.<\/p>\n<p>Londres y Bruselas a\u00fan no han llegado a un acuerdo sobre la \"gobernanza\" de la futura relaci\u00f3n, en particular sobre los mecanismos que se pondr\u00e1n en marcha en caso de litigio. Para la Uni\u00f3n Europea, en efecto, es esencial que el acuerdo entre las partes se oficialice jur\u00eddicamente, para protegerse en caso de comportamiento desleal o indebido por parte del Reino Unido. Por otra parte, la Uni\u00f3n Europea podr\u00eda verse obligada a renunciar a que el Tribunal de Justicia de las Comunidades Europeas, con sede en Luxemburgo, intervenga en cualquier litigio con el Reino Unido. Un \"no\" firme lleg\u00f3 de Londres en nombre de su soberan\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Para estar al d\u00eda de las negociaciones del Brexit, s\u00edganos en nuestras redes sociales (<a href=\"https:\/\/well-tax.com\/es\/\">www.well-tax.com<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"text-align: justify;\">Autor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sergio Schittone<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Referencia:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.money.it\/Brexit-ecco-i-tre-scogli-che-frenano-le-trattative-tra-Londra-e-Bruxelles\">https:\/\/www.money.it\/Brexit-ecco-i-tre-scogli-che-frenano-le-trattative-tra-Londra-e-Bruxelles<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Foto de Franz Wender en Unsplash<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There are less than five weeks left to the end of the transition period that will deliver Brexit and give to the history a significant event that will lead to further changes between the European Union and the United Kingdom. As we know, at the countdown of 31 December, there are two possible scenarios: an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-brexit-updates"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Brexit: the last issues to solve - WellTax<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/well-tax.com\/es\/brexit-las-ultimas-cuestiones-por-resolver\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brexit: the last issues to solve - WellTax\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There are less than five weeks left to the end of the transition period that will deliver Brexit and give to the history a significant event that will lead to further changes between the European Union and the United Kingdom. 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